Production of fodder



' Feb.y10. 1925.

M. HLKEN, SR

PRODUCTION FODDER Filed April l, 1924 Jal/em for 3 Marijn f f'lf@ Senz'ar Harm ey.

fic

Top-dll cham may concer-n f t residing lat Barmen, Rhenish Prussia, -,(nrer-f new; i and 'useful Improvements,` inftbel Prc?? 'and of `which Ill-anys* manufacturer, "have invented 'ftai duction of Fdder,l for application for LettersPatent-m" Germany on August 14, `1922,5and September 22,1923,

the:fendt-ing,isagjspecincaaenu y t; y' Thepresent inventionfreferstoua;process y is converted mto `sweet pressedffodder l` pressure. This process enablesylt Vtained i a fodder occupying onll 'andboth richin y y u i 1, y fjreaxlilylpartakenofby animalsandinfiuencj effecting a certain v fermentation juice andjnourishmentfbeing ingimllk productionlinafayourable-manner;

y Thewdrawback of thisvprooess onlyrthis', that zits 1 y successful carrying out" depends f y senvedy; conditions, in particular ",the .1 moisture content of the fodder starte with,

f upon the :introductien-` of` a' certainj fermeii? tatiomprocess-Stage withilkdeveloplnentl of milk-sugar` bacteria, which yrocess-stagel is and therefore readily leads to the undesired formation of acetic acid bacteria, rthat is, to failure. Especiallyis it necessary K obtain in the shortest possible' time a certain temperature about 50 and `to exert a sufficiently powerful-pressure on the mass of# wfodder, `while a comparativelylittleincrease y or decrease in temperature changes the fermentation process and thereby readily spoils the entire mass of fodder.` i y i For quickly obtaining the right degree of heat `independently of the existent moisture .content of the mass of fodder supplied to the silo, it' basal-ready been pro `sed to effect heating artificially by heatlng` coils mounted in the silo, or by electricity. "Both, however, vhave not `been serviceable tothe desired extent, becausethe heat does not penetrate the mass of `fodder suiciently uniformly. i Indeed the heat in the immediate vicinity of the coils or electrodes is y too intense but at some distance therefrom too little. For "example, with Y electrical heating, the y'temperature at the 4walls i whereat `the electrodes "are `located 4may be 90 C; whilein the interior of thefsilo it is `only O. `Moreover heating by elecis i 'also connected rime "emittente @ma a le'. y y, y y. ""The object of the presentinvention iste; render it; y into" pressedr fodder: by

time reliable manner and independent;`

lyofthe" existentinoisfturecontent ofgithe;

,ftl'ddersupplied A object" is attained essentially by this; that vthe; fodder supplied tothe silo is heated by'jl directlyyblowing inwvarm` gases Aup- ,wardlyf up j to` a temperature `of w Y \MARTINnonnen,en ,forfsnnirniifGERMANY f is costly and sometimes Ynot employ` y i .green-fodder durable'lby converting y the fer-,y mi? According tothe present invhtiortfthis 6a (lffand "is `"Athen,A subjected, `in a .manner b" "jklllOW P911' t0 powerfull.i pressure. `pressure may conveniently Vbe ex- 'y fodderfjadjacent to the coveringmeans of the latter arewithdrawn bysuction down-v wardly andthe atmosphericair exerts.preser surefromA aboveon thelayer offodder'subf` Thereby,l` `as experiments l Y i havejfproved, the desired` fermentation I and 'y [sweet `pressedy fodder are `obtainedin a 'jected "to" suction.

isi l`e` l"Inannnerl even under-unfavourable con 1t1`ons`.`

erted,irrthisy way, that thefgases'from the i outftheiprocessaisilo oft "construction 'is employedin combination with a coke furnace and air pump, which may\operate simultaneously as compressor and is connected" by ,means of a piping systemwith silo and oven, this connection being suchthat the `discharge gases of the coke furnace are forced by pressure up- 9o i walrdly into the silo `with a more or lessi. plentiful admixture of fresh air and can' be again exhausted therefrom' moisture possiblyexistent.

Vgranimatically such a plant, by way of exam le.

y n this` drawing, at is the silo provided inA I a manner known' per sewith a vgratellike bottom b. Below the latter is connected piping c which while passing through a .water separator al maybe connected as delsiredwith the suction or delivery side of 'a pump h by means of the two three-way cocksf, g. To the suction side of the pump by way of the three-way cock g the delivery pipe c of a coke furnace m while to the three-way cock f on the delivery end of the pump is connected an open i together witlr4 e accompanying drawing shows (11a-'95 regulated Les The mode of the operation is as follows The mass of fodder having been charged in known manner by hand or mechanically into the silo a, the warm gases discharged from the vcoke furnace m are pumped into the bottom of the 'silo by means of the ump h and in doing this, by suitable ad- ]ustment of the valve p, somuch air is admixed that the temperature of the gaseous mixture passed into the silo is about 60 C., as indicated by the thermometer r 'ust before the silo. y forcing inv under pressure ,this warm mixture of hot gases'the fodder is heated in an exceedingly short time withthorough permeation. The' l.ter nperature .within silo may be observed- L l means of a thermomete vtlifellej constitution; offthe mas*Sjef* ticular.itsmoistureeontentrma v the 1 quantity ed, y so; that11m,y Short time the jdesiredfheatn to 50-60 C. is'brought- ;`a,l.)o'11t.f.v j *y y..

-,Alfter thel charging "and" heatinggof [the silo, the fodder isl covered: with' aflayer of `dry straw or ythe-like,V Onthis is loosely laid a lid s, rendered gas-tight by means o a layer of- Amoist loam.V Thereupon `the respondingly sinking.

pump is run inthe reverse direction, so that the Vgasesare` exhaustedfrom the silo and the fodder is uniformly compressedby the air pressure acting, above, the loam cor-v The formation of objectionable voids, which ,t would give rise to decay and mildew in places or to edge utrefaction, may with certainty be avoided so that substantially no loss offfodder need occur. The employment of 4mechanical presses, with their exceedingly high cost, is no longer necessary but nevertheless an producers are exterminated.

` tempered excellent green pressed fodder is obtainable, because by the immediate action of the warm air of about 50 C. all decay and acetic acid Only the desii-ed, lactose bacteria are capable fof forming and serve to produce an excellent green pressed fodder. Repeated blowing in of warm dry yair and exhausting the damp air give the desired degree of dryness for goodpreservation. The preserved green fodder loses only. vlittle in nutritive Value andv is capable of lasting for months.

I claim v ,1.,The described methodl of preserving green fodder in silos `by conversion into `pressed 'sweet fodder, which'consists in forc- Yingtin'to the green silage heated gases of a m erat'ureto quickly Iheat `and maintain f thefsilage a temperature of approximately method offs vpreserving greenl fodder-inl silos' vby conversion. into presSedsWeet fodder," which consists in forcingd'itofjthe green* silalfe,l coke combustiony tempered 'by t e admixture of fresh-airfftofa temperature adapted to quicklylleat and maintain' the silage at a f temperature substantially within the limits @i550 to coef).y

l ."Ih'efY described method of preserving green. fodderiinfsilos by conversion 'into pressed sweet fodder, which consists in forcing` intof'the silage coke combustion gases by fresh 'air to a temperature to quickly heat the silage to a temperature of notappreciably higher than 605 C. rendering the' top ofthe silage airtight, and withdrawing rom the 'lage the more or less moisture laden gases. j In testimony `whereof I aiix my signature. MARTIN HLKEN, SEN. 

